Risk Limit Types

Risk limit rules are defined by specifying an EFID or EFID Group, an optional Risk Root, a risk limit type and the risk limit threshold value. A collection of risk limit rules comprise a "Risk Profile".

When a risk limit rule threshold value is exceeded, trading will stop, open orders/quotes will be canceled and any new orders/quotes received will be rejected for the EFID(s) and Risk Root (if any) associated with the risk limit.

Both the cancel and reject acknowledgments returned to the customer over the order entry session will carry a specific reason code that allows customers to identify whether an EFID Level, EFID Group Level or Risk Root (Symbol) Level or a risk lockout by CustomGroupID has occurred.

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Limit TypeDescription
  • Rate Based Risk Trips
  • (EFID Group Level only)
Risk Trips is computed as the sum of all Rate Based and Absolute Risk Limit Types for Notional, Volume, Count and Percentage of Quote risk trips. For example, if a customer specifies a limit of five Risk Trips per second across EFIDs ABCD and WXYZ, order/quote cancellation and rejection will occur following the fifth risk trip.
  • Rate Based Notional
  • (Risk Root or EFID Level)
  • Notional is computed as the sum of the products of premium multiplied by number of contracts with no netting of buy or sell legs in complex instruments applied. Full executions of all contracts for an order/quote will not be avoided to prevent exceeding notional rate limits. For example, if the customer’s notional rate limit is $25 per second and 2 executions occur, one for 5 contracts at $3, and one for 7 contracts at $2, then the notional would be computed as:
  • (5 * $3) + (7 * $2) = $29
  • Both executions will occur, followed by cancellations of pending orders/quotes and rejects of new orders/quotes.
  • Rate based notional limits are defined by the two parameters notional value and number of milliseconds. Any time the notional value executed exceeds the notional value specified within the specified number of milliseconds, the limit is triggered.
  • Rate Based Volume
  • (Risk Root or EFID Level)
Volume is computed as the sum of the number of contracts executed. When the total number of contracts executed exceeds the specified value within the specified number of milliseconds, the limit is triggered. Full execution of all contracts for an order/quote will not be avoided to prevent exceeding volume rate limit. For example, if a customer specifies a limit of 20 contracts per second and receives an execution for 10 contracts followed by a second execution for 15 contracts (10 + 15 = 25 contracts) within a single second, both executions will occur followed by cancellations of pending orders/quotes and rejects of new orders/quotes.
  • Rate Based Count
  • (Risk Root or EFID Level)
Count is computed as the number of executions. Premium and number of contracts have no bearing on this computation. If a customer specified a limit of 10 executions per second, the 10th execution within a single second will trigger the rate limit and prevent additional executions. Cancellations will be issued and rejects of new orders/quotes will occur.
  • Rate Percentage of Quote
  • (Risk Root or EFID Level)
  • Percentage of Quote is computed as the sum of the overall percentage of executions as a percentage of order/quote volume outstanding for each order/quote in a particular OSI Risk Root during the specified time period. Note that executions resulting from IOC orders will be included in the Percentage of Quote calculation.
  • For example: An Options Exchange customer specifies a Percentage of Quote limit of 200% with four resting quotes in two different series quoted in a given OSI Risk Root (XYZ) for 100 contracts. Executions are ordered by time and include the aggregated Percentage Of Quote after each execution:
  • Sell 80 XYZ1 - Trades with Quote 1 (Total POQ = 80%)
  • Buy 50 XYZ1 - Trades with Quote 2 (Total POQ = 130%)
  • Sell 60 XYZ2 - Trades with Quote 3 (Total POQ = 190%)
  • Buy 10 XYZ2 - Trades with Quote 4 (Total POQ = 200%)
SeriesBid SizeOffer SizeTrade SizePOQ
Series XYZ1
Order 11008080%
Order 21005050%
Series XYZ2
Order 11006060%
Order 21001010%
200%
  • The Percentage of Quote is computed as: 80% + 50% + 60% + 10% = 200%
  • Absolute Risk Trips
  • (EFID Group Level only)
The absolute Risk Trip behaves similarly to the rate based Risk Trip with the exception that time is not considered. After X risk trips across effective EFIDs has been reached, cancellations will be issued and rejects of new orders/quotes will occur.
  • Absolute Notional
  • (Risk Root or EFID Level)
The absolute notional behaves similarly to rate based notional limits with the exception that time is not considered. If X dollars in notional have been executed the limit is reached. Cancels are issued and new orders/quotes are rejected until the customer has a chance to assess and decides to reset.
  • Absolute Volume
  • (Risk Root or EFID Level)
Similar to rate based volume with the exception that time is not considered. If X contracts have been executed, the limit is reached. Cancels are issued and new orders/quotes are rejected until the customer has a chance to assess and decides to reset.
  • Absolute Count
  • (Risk Root or EFID Level)
The absolute count behaves similarly to rate based count limits with the exception that time is not considered. If X executions have been executed the limit is reached. Cancels are issued and new orders/quotes are rejected until the customer has a chance to assess and decides to reset.
  • Absolute Percentage of Quote
  • (Risk Root or EFID Level)
The absolute percentage of quote is similar to the rate based percentage of quote with the exception that time is not considered. If Xpercentage has been executed, the limit is reached. Cancels are issued and new orders/quotes are rejected until the customer has a chance to assess and decides to reset.
Cboe Titanium U.S. Options Risk Management Specification - Risk Limit Types | Cboe